“You are looking for me not because you saw signs, but because you ate the loaves and were filled.”

          We’ve mentioned the past couple of weeks that we are beginning the beautiful “Bread of Life Discourse” from St. John’s Gospel – the most complete and direct teaching on the Eucharist that our Lord gives us. At the same time, though, we are also reading continually from another book of Scripture over these weeks – St. Paul’s letter to the Ephesians. It would be easy to ignore these second readings, or to choose one series over the other. But Holy Mother Church wisely gives them to us together.

          St. Paul tells us that Christians – those to whom the Lord wants to give this Bread of Life – “must no longer live as the Gentiles do, in the futility of their minds” but “should put away the old self of your former way of life,

corrupted through deceitful desires, and be renewed in the spirit of your minds.” To receive the new food of Christ’s Body and Blood, the believer first has to become a new kind of person.

          The greatest obstacle in your life, the biggest barrier to having the relationship with God to which He invites you, the stumbling block on the road to holiness, is not society. It isn’t technology. It isn’t another person. It isn’t money or possessions. It’s sin. Sin is the disorder of the human heart that leads us to desire the finite goods of the world, to fill our hearts with the “food that perishes” rather than the infinite food for which we long. It’s not something outside that is holding you back, but something within.

          Before explaining how it is that He will give His followers the “true bread from Heaven,” Christ calls the Jewish crowds to a new perspective and a change of heart. He encourages them to “work … for the food that endures for eternal life,” since He knows their hearts and thus knows that they are coming not for His life-giving teachings, but for the free food and the miracles.

          A Catholic who had drifted away from the Faith once remarked to me that, “Catholics make this really big deal out of Holy Communion, that Jesus is really present there. I just never saw how it made much of a difference. All those people receiving Communion every Sunday didn’t seem any better than all the people who weren’t. And I didn’t seem any better because I was there.”

           On the one hand, this objection is guilty of a common error, of seeing religion along overly moralistic lines. That is, many people believe that religion is about becoming better people and making the world a better place. Those might be consequences of what we believe, but they’re not what the Faith is really all about. We don’t come here primarily to become better people and to change the world together. We’re here first and foremost to worship God. It’s only through doing that that any real change can begin to happen in our hearts and in the world.

          But on the other hand, there is something to this objection. Unless our reception of the Eucharist actually reflects an inner conversion, a turning away from sin, we will be those people who come week after week and don’t seem to be any different for it. The obstacle to that is sin.

          When the Scriptures talk about “sin” they use a Greek word that means “to miss the mark.” Outside of the supervillains in Marvel comic movies, no one wakes up in the morning with the desire to do evil. People are generally trying to do the right thing. Even when we do something that we know is sinful, there is some good we are aiming at (pleasure, affection, enjoyment, etc.).

          Sometimes we miss the mark in little ways. We call these venial sins. These smaller sins don’t totally close us off to the power of God’s grace, but they weaken our relationship with Him and leave us vulnerable to greater temptations. They can be the beginnings of a pattern of sin that leads to greater damage. Most importantly, venial sin makes us indifferent to God. When we choose to sin, when we miss the mark, we limit the areas in which we allow God’s grace to enter our lives. We don’t limit God, of course, but we do limit ourselves. Each sin is a wound in the heart that wants to be enflamed by the love that Christ brings us in the Eucharist.

          Other times, though, we can miss the mark in bigger ways. These are mortal sins, and rather than harming our relationship with the Lord, when we commit a mortal sin, we totally re-direct our life away from God. A person who has committed a mortal sin and has not yet received the Lord’s forgiveness in Confession has a heart that is closed to the grace that Christ wants to offer. Again, God is not limited in His power to give His abundant grace where He wills, but we can choose to limit our own hearts’ ability to receive him.

          A sin is mortal when it is something that the Church teaches to be objectively grave, the person knows it to be such, and he or she freely chooses to commit that sin. Sometimes, if we seem to be “stuck” in our relationship with God, if we seem to be one of those people who are coming week after week and not leaving any different than we came, it could be because you’ve been holding back one of those mortal sins, maybe even from a long time ago, not confessing it out of fear. Or, it could be because you have not yet “put away the old self of your former way of life,” having become too comfortable with patterns of sin that seem inevitable but can be conquered with God’s grace.

          The fountain of grace that is the Eucharist heals and restores our hearts. It forgives venial sins and gives us the strength to resist sin in the future. In order to receive this grace, though, we need a vessel that is adequately prepared. The soul in a state of mortal sin is not prepared for the immense torrent of God’s grace in the Eucharist until she has been restored to a state of grace in the sacrament of confession, which is why St. Paul tells us that those who receive the Eucharist unworthily receive not the gift of life, but rather eat and drink their own condemnation.

          When the Church, as custodian of the gift of the Eucharist, instructs us on the preparation we should make for this immense gift, she does so not out of desire to limit access to Eucharist, but to help us to receive this gift in such a way that it is able to bear fruit in our lives, so that we aren’t coming here week after week and remaining unchanged. She shares with us the good news that no sin is too grave to be forgiven, that the Lord’s mercy is infinite if only we come to ask it of Him in the manner He has established through the Church’s sacraments.

          Most of the time, sin is a private reality, and readiness for Holy Communion is discerned in the intimacy of one’s own heart and in dialogue in Confession. Sometimes, though, there are public sins to which the Church must respond. However, many critics have accused bishops who use their God-given, apostolic authority to admonish public sinners of “weaponizing the Eucharist.”

          This is the furthest thing from what is happening. The Church’s law states that those who publically manifest their own sinfulness – for example, by declaring their support for intrinsic evils and worse yet by promoting those intrinsic evils through their political office – must not only repent of their sins in private but also must make a public declaration that they no longer support or promote these intrinsic evils. The harm that is public must be repaired in a public way. To insist upon this coherence between the mystery of the Eucharist that we receive and adherence to Christ’s body the Church – not only receiving the Lord’s body but conforming our lives to the full implications of the mystery that we celebrate – is not to weaponize the Eucharist or to place one class of Christians above another. It is a fulfillment of the Church’s mission to be a custodian of the mysteries that She celebrates.

          In giving us His Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity in the Most Holy Eucharist, Christ gives us the remedy to our infinite neediness. In order to receive this great gift our hearts should be made ready through the forgiveness of our sins. Receiving the Eucharist is a sign of our conforming our lives to Christ and being remade in His image. With hearts prepared for the outpouring of His grace, the Eucharist makes us the new person who will never hunger and thirst again.

The Rev. Royce V. Gregerson

Parish Church of Our Lady of Good Hope, Fort Wayne

XVIII Sunday through the Year, A.D. MMXXIV